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地下水封岩洞油库设计、施工的基本原则

王梦恕,杨会军

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第4期   页码 11-16

摘要：

我国对大量石油储存的需求使石油贮备库的建设势在必行，地下水封岩洞油库是储存油品的最好形式。文章介绍了地下水封岩洞油库的密封原理、类型、优点等并重点对其选址、设计、施工进行介绍。笔者旨在提出地下水封岩洞油库的主要特点和规划、设计、施工的基本原则及标准，并指出我国尚未形成关于大规模地下水封岩洞油库设计、施工的完整技术，缺少指导性规范。开展地下水封岩洞油库的关键设计与施工技术研究具有重大的现实意义。

关键词： 地下水封储油库     岩洞     设计施工    

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中国深部地下空间储能的理论和技术挑战 Review

杨春和, 王同涛, 陈海生

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第25卷 第6期   页码 168-181 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.021

摘要：

Deep underground energy storage is the use of deep underground spaces for large-scale energy storage, which is an important way to provide a stable supply of clean energy, enable a strategic petroleum reserve, and promote the peak shaving of natural gas. Rock salt formations are ideal geological media for large-scale energy storage, and China is rich in salt rock resources and has a major shortage of energy storage space. Compared with the salt domes in other countries, the salt rock formations in China are typical lacustrine bedded salt rocks characterized by thin beds, high impurity content, and many interlayers. The development of large-scale energy storage in such salt formations presents scientific and technical challenges, including: ① developing a multiscale progressive failure and characterization method for the rock mass around an energy storage cavern, considering the effects of multifield and multiphase coupling; ② understanding the leakage evolution of large-scale deep underground energy storage caverns; ③ understanding the long-term performance evolution of large-scale deep underground energy storage caverns; ④ developing intelligent construction technologies for the deep underground salt caverns used for energy storage; and ⑤ ensuring the long-term function of deep underground energy storage spaces. The solution to these key scientific and technological problems lies in establishing a theoretical and technical foundation for the development of large-scale deep underground energy storage in China.

关键词： Energy reserves     Deep underground energy storage     Bedded rock salt     Salt cavern     Rock mechanics    

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大型地下洞室群开挖的施工预测解析与信息化管理

汪易森,刘斯宏

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第3期   页码 35-40

摘要：

介绍了天荒坪抽水蓄能电站地下厂房洞室群施工预测解析与信息化施工管理的工程实例。工程开工 后完全模拟洞室的开挖实况，进行了三维弹塑性有限元计算分析，预测了洞室开挖过程中围岩应力、位移和屈 服范围的变化规律。根据计算结果及施工现场的观测结果，及时修正调整了施工期的支护参数，确保了工程的 顺利完成。

关键词： 地下洞室群     施工预测解析     信息化施工管理     支护设计    

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含空洞岩体微震定位的快速行进法——性能分析与工程应用 Article

蒋若辰, 戴峰, 刘燚, 李昂

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第7期   页码 1023-1034 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.10.019

摘要：

微震事件定位是微震监测技术的重要组成部分，用于圈定围岩损伤区。然而，复杂的地质条件会对最终的微震事件定位结果造成不利的影响。为实现含空洞复杂岩体中的高精度微震事件定位，本研究基于二阶差分形式的快速行进法，开发了微震事件定位方法。该方法基于建立的三维离散网格波速模型，通过搜索满足理论到时与实际到时之间残差最小的网格节点，实现对微震事件的定位。此外，基于二阶快速行进法的计算结果，微震破裂源到微震传感器的传播路径，可通过应用线性插值与龙格-库塔法获得。所用方法的合理性在一系列的数值仿真实验中得到了验证。提出的方法被应用于定位在猴子岩水电站地下洞室开挖过程中所记录的爆破与微震事件。爆破事件的定位结果表明，与采用均一岩体波速模型的定位结果相比，本方法能够有效减低微震事件定位误差。而对于微震事件的定位结果，通过现场的混凝土破裂与剥落，以及现场多点位移计的监测结果得到验证。本文提出的方法可提供相对更准确的岩体破裂位置，为圈定围岩损伤区工作提供便利。

关键词： 快速行进法     微震事件定位     含空洞复杂岩体     龙格-库塔法    

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A hypothesis for crack free interior surfaces of Longyou caverns caved in argillaceous siltstone 2000 years ago

Zhong Qi YUE, Shaopeng FAN, Zhifa YANG, Lihui LI, Luqing ZHANG, Zhongjian ZHANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 165-177 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0018-1

摘要： Five complete caverns were discovered in Longyou in 1992. They were manually caved in argillaceous siltstone at shallow depths more than 2000 years ago. When they were un-watered, their integrity was maintained completely, and their interior rock surfaces were free of old cracks. Since then, however, the rock’s interior faces have initiated and propagated more and more cracks. This paper attempts to address the question of why the rock interior faces were free of old cracks once they were unearthed. To address this question, this paper proposes a hypothesis that the argillaceous siltstone has the ability of self-healing its cracks over a short period of time under weak acid water environment. Data and evidence are presented herewith to prove the hypothesis. They include observations and measurements in the field and test results in the laboratory. Specifically, a three-point bending test is used to form a tensile crack in a rectangular rock specimen and a dead load test for the specimen immersed in initially weak acid water is used for self-healing its crack. The results have shown that the argillaceous siltstone is in a state of weak alkalinity and the rain water at the site is in a state of weak acidity. Therefore, when it is immersed in weak acid water for some time, the argillaceous siltstone would be able to make chemical reactions to generate new minerals such as calcite. The new minerals would be able to infill the cracks and then heal the crack within a few years. Once the crack is self-healed, the rock can regain its strength and integrity. Consequently, the rock interior surfaces could be free of old cracks when the water was pumped out of the caverns.

关键词： rock cavern     grotto     Longyou     argillaceous siltstone     crack     water     environment     self-healing    

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龙麟宫隧道穿越大型溶腔处理技术

黄鸿健,薛斌

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第12期   页码 35-40

摘要：

龙麟宫隧道是宜万铁路26座Ⅱ级风险隧道之一，全隧洞身位于灰岩地层，隧道洞身标高穿越垂直渗流带。隧道施工中揭示多处大型溶腔，介绍了隧道揭示的岩溶及发育特征，对两个特大型岩溶处理方案进行论述：DK232+467大型溶腔是中国铁路建设史上遇到的最大体积空腔，溶腔防护及施工难度极大，采用路基填筑+明洞结构通过；DK231+796溶腔大跨岩溶顶板处理难度大、施工风险高，创新地采用了立柱支顶防护进行顶板加固。两个特大型溶腔的成功处理，可为类似工程的处理开拓思路，积累经验。

关键词： 龙麟宫隧道     特大型溶腔     处理工艺    

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Computational methods for fracture in rock: a review and recent advances

Ali JENABIDEHKORDI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 273-287 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0459-5

摘要： We present an overview of the most popular state-of-the-art computational methods available for modelling fracture in rock. The summarized numerical methods can be classified into three categories: Continuum Based Methods, Discrete Crack Approaches, and Block-Based Methods. We will not only provide an extensive review of those methods which can be found elsewhere but particularly address their potential in modelling fracture in rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. In this context, we will discuss their key applications, assumptions, and limitations. Furthermore, we also address ‘general’ difficulties that may arise for simulating fracture in rock and fractured rock. This review will conclude with some final remarks and future challenges.

关键词： numerical modelling     method development     rock mechanics     fractured rock     rock fracturing    

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Correction to: Effect of undercut on the lower bound stability of vertical rock escarpment using finite

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0035-5

摘要： Correction to: Effect of undercut on the lower bound stability of vertical rock escarpment using finite element and power cone programming

关键词： finite element power     stability rock escarpment    

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Aspects of rock permeability

Lianyang ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 102-116 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0201-2

摘要： Effective evaluation of rock permeability is required in different energy, engineering and environmental projects. Although much research has been conducted on rock permeability, it is still one of the most difficult tasks for practicing rock engineers to accurately determine rock permeability. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this paper outlines the key aspects of rock permeability by presenting the representative values of the permeability of different rocks, describing the empirical and semi-empirical correlations for estimating the permeability of rocks, and discussing the main factors affecting the permeability of rocks. The factors discussed include stress, depth, temperature, and discontinuity intensity and aperture. This paper also highlights the scale effect on rock permeability, interconnectivity of discontinuities, and anisotropy of rock permeability. This paper provides the fundamental and essential information required for effective evaluation of rock permeability.

关键词： rock     permeability     discontinuity     stress     temperature     scale effect     anisotropy    

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Influence of soft rock-fill material as dam embankment with central bituminous concrete membrane

Peter TSCHERNUTTER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 63-70 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0016-3

摘要： This paper demonstrates the difficulties in determining the relevant material parameters for a valuation of the deformation behavior of the up- and downstream dam shell by means of an embankment dam of medium height. Laboratory as well as field tests on solid rock-fill material were performed before the beginning of construction. During the construction the properties of the available rock-fill changed from solid to soft materials. This gave rise to the necessity of adjusting the dam design of the downstream dam shoulder. Several times higher dam settlements as well as significant differential settlements between the up- and downstream dam shell were observed during construction and operation. Apart from this situation, the dam has been operated for nearly 20 years and the behavior of the water barrier has been very good.

关键词： embankment dam     bituminous concrete membrane     rock-fill material properties     deformation behavior    

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interface adhesion factor on the bearing capacity of strip footing placed on cohesive soil overlying rock

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1494-1503 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0768-y

摘要： The problem related to bearing capacity of footing either on pure soil or on pure rock mass has been investigated over the years. Currently, no study deals with the bearing capacity of strip footing on a cohesive soil layer overlying rock mass. Therefore, by implementing the lower bound finite element limit analysis in conjunction with the second-order cone programming and the power cone programming, the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip footing located on a cohesive soil overlying rock mass is determined in this study. By considering the different values of interface adhesion factor (αcr) between the cohesive soil and rock mass, the ultimate bearing capacity of strip footing is expressed in terms of influence factor (If) for different values of cohesive soil layer cover ratio (Tcs/B). The failure of cohesive soil is modeled by using Mohr−Coulomb yield criterion, whereas Generalized Hoek−Brown yield criterion is utilized to model the rock mass at failure. The variations ofIf with different magnitudes of αcr are studied by considering the influence of the rock mass strength parameters of beneath rock mass layer. To examine stress distribution at different depths, failure patterns are also plotted.

关键词： bearing capacity     soil-rock interface     Hoek−Brown yield criterion     plasticity     limit analysis    

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Mechanical properties of rock materials with related to mineralogical characteristics and grain size

Wenjuan SUN, Linbing WANG, Yaqiong WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 322-328 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0387-9

摘要： Mechanical properties of rock materials are related to textural characteristics. The relationships between mechanical properties and textural characteristics have been extensively investigated for differently types of rocks through experimental tests. Based on the experimental test data, single- and multiple- variant regression analyses are conducted among mechanical properties and textural characteristics. Textural characteristics of rock materials are influenced by the following factors: mineral composition, size, shape, and spatial distribution of mineral grains, porosity, and inherent microcracks. This study focuses on the first two: mineral composition and grain size. ? This study comprehensively summarizes the regression equations between mechanical properties and mineral content and the regression equations between mechanical properties and grain size. Further research directions are suggested at the end of this study.

关键词： Mechanical properties     rock material     texture     mineral characteristics    

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Frost heave and freezing processes of saturated rock with an open crack under different freezing conditions

Zhitao LV, Caichu XIA, Yuesong WANG, Ziliang LIN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 947-960 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0638-z

摘要： Frost heave experiments on saturated sandstone and tuff with an open crack are conducted under uniform and unidirectional freezing conditions. Frost heave of crack in sandstone with high permeability is more significant under uniform freezing condition than that under unidirectional freezing condition. However, frost heave of crack in tuff with low permeability is more significant under unidirectional freezing condition. To illustrate the reasons for this phenomenon, a numerical model on the freezing processes of saturated rock with an open crack considering the latent heat of pore water and water in crack is proposed and confirmed to be reliable. Numerical results show that a frozen shell that blocks the migration of water in crack to rock develops first in the outer part of the rock before the freezing of water in crack under uniform freezing condition. However, the migration path of water in crack to the unfrozen rock under freezing front exists under unidirectional freezing condition. The freezing process and permeability of rock together determine the migration of water in crack and lead to the different frost heave modes of crack for various permeable rocks under different freezing conditions. The frost heave modes of crack in rock with low or high permeability are similar under uniform freezing condition because water migration is blocked by a frozen shell and is irrelevant to rock permeability. For high permeability rock, the frost heave of crack will be weakened due to water migration under unidirectional freezing condition; however, the frost heave of crack would be more significant for low permeability rock because water migration is blocked under unidirectional freezing condition. Therefore, the freezing condition and rock permeability determine the frost heave of rock with crack together, and this should be concerned in cold regions engineering applications.

关键词： frost heave     rock with crack     freezing process     freezing condition     frost heave mode    

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On the seismic stability analysis of reinforced rock slope and optimization of prestressed cables

Wenbo ZHENG, Xiaoying ZHUANG, Yongchang CAI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 132-146 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0152-z

摘要： The evaluation of the seismic stability of high rock slopes is of vital importance to ensure the safe operation of the hydropower stations. In this paper, an equivalent pseudo-static force analysis based on the finite element method is developed to evaluate the seismic stability of reinforced rock slopes where the prestressed cables are modeled by the bar elements applied with nodal forces and bounded only at the anchored parts. The method is applied to analyze a high rock slope in south-west China and the optimization of cables. The stabilization effects of prestressed cables on the seismic stability of the slope are studied, the simulations of the concrete heading are discussed and the potential failure modes of the shear concrete plug are compared. Based on this, the optimization of cables is studied including the anchor spacing and inclined angles.

关键词： high rock slope     reinforced system     optimization     prestressed cable     seismicity    

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Field and laboratory experimental studies on hard-rock tunnel excavation based on disc cutter coupled

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1370-1386 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0947-0

摘要： The tunnel boring machine (TBM) is typically used in hard-rock tunnel excavation. Owing to the unsatisfactory adaptability of TBM to the surrounding rock, when crossing high-strength and high-wear strata, the TBM can easily cause defects, such as abnormal wear on cutters and overload damage to bearings, thus affecting the construction efficiency and cost. Therefore, high-pressure waterjet technology should be applied to assist in rock breaking for efficient TBM tunneling. In this study, the effects of water pressure, nozzle diameter, and nozzle speed on cutting are investigated via laboratory experiments of cutting hard rock using high-pressure waterjets. The penetration performance of the TBM under different water pressures is investigated via a field industrial penetration test. The results show that high-pressure waterjets are highly efficient for rock breaking and are suitable for industrial applications, as they can accommodate the advancing speed of the TBM and achieve high-efficiency rock breaking. However, during the operation of high-pressure waterjets, the ambient temperature and waterjet temperature in the tunnel increase significantly, which weakens the cooling effect of the cutterhead and decreases the construction efficiency of the TBM. Therefore, temperature control and cooling measures for high-pressure waterjets during their long-term operation must be identified. This study provides a useful reference for the design and construction of high-pressure water-jet-assisted cutterheads for breaking road headers.

关键词： tunnel boring machine     hard-rock cutting     free face     disc cutter     rock-cutting efficiency    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

地下水封岩洞油库设计、施工的基本原则

王梦恕,杨会军

期刊论文

中国深部地下空间储能的理论和技术挑战

杨春和, 王同涛, 陈海生

期刊论文

大型地下洞室群开挖的施工预测解析与信息化管理

汪易森,刘斯宏

期刊论文

含空洞岩体微震定位的快速行进法——性能分析与工程应用

蒋若辰, 戴峰, 刘燚, 李昂

期刊论文

A hypothesis for crack free interior surfaces of Longyou caverns caved in argillaceous siltstone 2000 years ago

Zhong Qi YUE, Shaopeng FAN, Zhifa YANG, Lihui LI, Luqing ZHANG, Zhongjian ZHANG,

期刊论文

龙麟宫隧道穿越大型溶腔处理技术

黄鸿健,薛斌

期刊论文

Computational methods for fracture in rock: a review and recent advances

Ali JENABIDEHKORDI

期刊论文

Correction to: Effect of undercut on the lower bound stability of vertical rock escarpment using finite

期刊论文

Aspects of rock permeability

Lianyang ZHANG

期刊论文

Influence of soft rock-fill material as dam embankment with central bituminous concrete membrane

Peter TSCHERNUTTER

期刊论文

interface adhesion factor on the bearing capacity of strip footing placed on cohesive soil overlying rock

期刊论文

Mechanical properties of rock materials with related to mineralogical characteristics and grain size

Wenjuan SUN, Linbing WANG, Yaqiong WANG

期刊论文

Frost heave and freezing processes of saturated rock with an open crack under different freezing conditions

Zhitao LV, Caichu XIA, Yuesong WANG, Ziliang LIN

期刊论文

On the seismic stability analysis of reinforced rock slope and optimization of prestressed cables

Wenbo ZHENG, Xiaoying ZHUANG, Yongchang CAI

期刊论文

Field and laboratory experimental studies on hard-rock tunnel excavation based on disc cutter coupled

期刊论文